Entering Church
For our Visitors: please understand that we enter the Church with the expectation of a most intimate, prayerful and heavenly Worship of God in Three Persons. There will be someone to greet you and help you find a place. Please feel free to quietly ask any questions you might have to feel comfortable in our services of Divine Worship. We will refrain from visiting until after the services, during our coffee hour and Agape Meal.
Orthodox Christians familiar with the customs of the Church, should make it a practice to:
1 – stop for a moment as you enter to crosses one’s self and ask a short prayer of preparation,
2 – quietly take care of coats, finding candles, getting worship aids,
3 – light candles, offering a short prayer for those you wish to remember
4 – always go to venerate the icons – the one in the middle shows us the feast or saint we celebrate, then to the front to honor the Christ the King and the Theotokos,
5 – and moving to your place, preferably forward to make room for those who arrive after you.
Arriving Late
It is entirely inappropriate, without due cause, for a Christian to come late to worship God. The same goes for leaving services early. Experience testifies that coming to Church late is more a matter of “habit” than circumstance – there are those who come late, and those who don’t. Some rules of thumb: Those who arrive late (e.g., after the reading of the Gospel) should generally refrain from partaking of the Eucharist that day as “proper preparation” for Holy Communion assumes the ascetical effort of arriving on time service. One should refrain from venerating icons in the front of the church, etc. after the Great Entrance for the same reasons given under “Lighting Candles.”
In and Out
Certainly parents should have ready access to the doors to take small children out if they are distracting or need a short break—for this reason the doors are to be accessible. Please avoid the temptation to congregate around the back and door, rather move forward into the Nave. There are times when it is inappropriate, unless absolutely necessary, to walk out of the service and they are the same times that we are called to attention and stand in reverence (see “Standing vs. Sitting”)
A Word about Lipstick
Lipstick looks terrible smeared on icons, crosses, the communion spoon, and the priest’s or bishop’s hand. Hand-written icons have been ruined by lipstick; and even though the cross or spoon can usually be cleaned after everyone venerates, it’s not very considerate to those who follow. What is the answer? If one insists on wearing lipstick to church, blot your lips well before venerating… Point of consideration: God, Whom we alone come before in Liturgy, is not impressed with our external attractiveness, but with the adorning of our souls in humility, good works, and piety.
Standing or Sitting?
The traditional posture for prayer and worship in the Orthodox Church is to stand. In “Orthodox countries” there are usually no pews in the churches. We come to pray in God’s presence and, as in the presence of a king or ruler, one does not sit in the presence of the King of Kings. Chairs or benches on the side walls are reserved for those who need them, i.e. the elderly, infirm, “with child”, etc. In North America, some Orthodox faithful have introduced pews into their churches thus creating the artificial “need” to figure out when to sit and when to stand. Whether a church has few chairs or many, there are times when one should definitely stand:
- The beginning of the service: “Blessed is the Kingdom…”
- All Litanies (when the choir/congregation responds to the priest’s prayers)
- During Censing and when the priest turns to bless the congregation.
- The Entrances: with the Gospel and later, the Chalice
- Gospel Reading (you may sit for the Sermon)
- The Creed, the Lord’s Prayer
- The Anaphora beginning with “Let us stand aright” through the Hymn to the Theotokos
- The distribution of Holy Communion, i.e. the Body and Blood of Christ in our midst, through the end of the dismissal
As you can see, this leaves little time for sitting. However, if you have a physical limitation, sit when you must and do the best you can. Whatever parish you are in, when in doubt, stand in prayer—yet remaining sensitive to not drawing attention to oneself, or blocking other’s participation in the service.
Kiss (Don’t Shake) the Bishop’s or Priest’s Hand
The traditional way to greet a bishop or priest is to ask his blessing and kiss his right hand. How do you do this? Approach the bishop or priest with your right hand over your left and say “Father (“Master,” in the case of a bishop), bless.” When the faithful receive such a blessing it is understood that Christ Himself offers the blessing through the hand of the priest or bishop. That being said, it is not “offensive” to reach out to shake their hand, thus not “expected” nor assumed from those who are not of the tradition of the Church.
Lighting Candles
Lighting candles is an important part of Orthodox worship. We light them as we pray, making an offering to accompany our prayers. Orthodox typically light candles upon entering the church, after venerating the icons. If a service is already in progress, and the candlestands are up front, please feel free to light them during the Great Litany and singing of the Antiphons. However, if the Entrance with the Gospel has already begun, it is a good idea to wait until after the service to light candles so as to not distract others from prayer, nor draw undue attention to oneself.
Making the Sign of the Cross
A person looking around on a Sunday morning may notice that different people cross themselves at different times. To a certain extent, when to cross oneself is a matter of personal piety and not of dogma. However, there are times in the service when crossing oneself (thumb and first two fingers touching each other, third and fourth fingers folded into the palm: touching head first, to stomach, right shoulder to left) is called for:
- To cross: when you hear one of the variations of the phrase “Father, Son, and Holy Spirit”; before venerating an icon, Gospel, or Cross; when blessed with an icon, Cross, Gospel, or Chalice; entering and exiting the temple; when passing before the Altar.
- Not to Cross: (only bowing of the head): when blessed with hand (as in “Peace be unto all”), or censed. In receiving a blessing from a bishop or priest one does not make the sign of the Cross beforehand. “In this way ought we to distinguish between reverence toward holy things and toward persons” (Jordanville Prayerbook).
Crossing Legs
In many cultures throughout the world, crossing one’s legs is taboo and considered very disrespectful. In North America there are no real taboos against such action, rather, we tend to cross our legs to get comfortable. Should we do so in church? No. Not because it is “wrong” for us ever to cross our legs, but because it is deemed too casual—too relaxed—for being in the presence of God. When we get settled in our favorite chair at home, we lean back, kick up our legs, and allow our minds to wander. Remember, sitting in church is a concession, not the norm of prayer. We strive to remain attentive (i.e.: “Let us attend”) at all times as a soldier prepared for (spiritual) battle before his commander. Should we sit, we do so attentively, that our minds not wander from the “one thing necessary.”
Talking during Church
Besides being disrespectful toward God Who is present, it is distracting for others who are striving to pray. This rule includes all services of the Church, whether it be the Hours read prior to Divine Liturgy, or the priest hearing Confessions after Vespers. It is best to save conversation for the fellowship hall, inviting guests to the hall for a visit.
Sunday Dress
There was a time when people put on their “Sunday best” to go to church. By contrast, there is today not an insignificant backlash against such propriety. Many contemporary churches innocently flaunt a “come as you are” pitch as part of their advertising ploy. Though God does not demand us to “dress up” for Him (as though He is in any way impressed by our external appearance), the fact is, as followers of Christ in all areas of our life, we should offer Christ our “best” and not just our “leftovers” (c.f. Cain and Abel). Our dress should always, especially at church, be becoming of a Christian. We dress modestly, not in a flashy way that merely brings attention to ourselves.
Some Guidelines:
1 – Children: Only young children are allowed to wear shorts to church—but not athletic shorts, cut-offs, or “spandex” (which are not appropriate for adults either). Tennis shoes that “light up” should probably be avoided, especially for altar servers, in that they draw attention away from prayer. “This Bud’s for you!” and other similar T-shirts are a definite out.
2 – Women: Dresses are certainly most appropriate, and are to be modest (i.e. tank tops, short skirts, and tight dresses serve only one purpose contrary to the aim of being in Church). Headcoverings are encouraged and appropriate. Slacks and pant-suites are an accepted part of our culture, however tight jeans and spandex type wear are never appropriate.
3 – Men: Men are also to dress modestly as befits a follower of Christ. While coat and tie are by no means mandatory, shirts with collars and clean pants / slacks are not too much to ask. Again, shorts are to be avoided, particularly on Sunday morning.
Snacks for Children
Parents often bring little snacks for young children to keep them occupied and quiet in church. This is fine as long as it is discreet and quiet and the parent sees to cleaning up any leftovers. By the time a child is 3-4 years old this will most likely be unnecessary. And by the time a child reaches age 7 they are mostly capable of fasting the entire morning of Holy Communion (or at least cutting back on breakfast). For those children who do require snacks during service, please refrain from feeding them, even a bottle, while in line for Communion, as they ought to come to the Holy Mysteries without food already in their mouths. Chewing gum is never appropriate in church.
Handling the Holy Bread (“antidoron”)
After taking Communion, at the end of the Divine Liturgy, it is a traditional custom to eat a piece of holy bread or antidoron—the left-over bread from which Holy Communion was prepared and various commemorations made. While antidoron is not the Body and Blood of Christ, it is blessed bread, and as such, we should take precaution to eat it carefully so that crumbs don’t fall to be trampled underfoot. Monitor the children as they take the antidoron, teaching them to eat respectfully. It is not appropriate to ‘take extra’ and pass it around, especially not to visitors. This same sense of reverence applies to Vespers with a “Litya” or “Blessing of Bread”.
Final Thought
Our American culture of the 21st Century is rather casual, even subtly anarchist, in its approach to life. Dress, music, language, values, morals, and entertainment all reflect a trend to “downgrade” life from what God intended it to be. We mustn’t allow this prevailing tendency to enter into our Christian piety, whether at home or at church. Most church etiquette is based on simple common sense and a respect for God and others. We are in church to worship God in Holy Trinity. The priest announces, “In the fear of God, with faith and love, draw near.” If we approach our lives and our worship together with this in mind, then we will be people of proper church etiquette.
